bibliosferaБиблиосфераBibliosphere1815-31862712-7931ГПНТБ СО РАН10.20913/1815-3186-2022-1-49-55bibliosfera-1745Research ArticleМИР БИБЛИОТЕКLIBRARY WORLDКонсорциумы как организационная форма кооперации библиотечно-библиографической деятельности: зарубежный опытConsortia as an Organizational Form of Cooperation in Library and Bibliographic Activities: Foreign Experiencehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-7226ПрихожевП. В.PrikhozhevP. V.

Прихожев Павел Валерьевич, ведущий специалист отдела по работе с информационными ресурсами Центра поддержки исследований Управления научно-информационного развития и библиотечного обеспечения

пр. Вернадского, 82, стр. 1, Москва, 119571

Prikhozhev Pavel Valerjevich, Leading Specialist of the Research Support Department

Vernadskogo pr., 82, Moscow, 119571

paulprikhogev95@gmail.comРоссийская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФРоссияRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationRussian Federation202204022022014955Copyright © Прихожев П.В., 20222022Прихожев П.В.Prikhozhev P.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bibliosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1745

Сотрудничество на национальном и международном уровнях является перспективным направлением деятельности библиотек. Одна из современных форм такого сотрудничества – библиотечные консорциумы, создаваемые в мире с 1960-х гг. Работа подобных библиотечных объединений успешно ведется в нашей стране на протяжении многих лет, однако для наиболее полного понимания закономерностей работы таких организаций необходимо изучение зарубежного опыта. Рассматривая деятельность крупнейших национальных, региональных и международных библиотечных консорциумов, можно констатировать трансформацию подобного типа учреждений из организаций, выполняющих строго определенные функции, такие как автоматизация рутинных библиотечных процессов или облегчение доступа к информации и обмена ею, в значимый инструмент укрепления сотрудничества в области библиотечного дела и библиографии. В статье представлены наиболее распространенные определения понятия «библиотечный консорциум», сформулированы основные цели и задачи подобных организаций и рассмотрена деятельность крупнейших библиотечных консорциумов, объединяющих библиотеки по технологическому принципу, и консорциумов, включающих библиотеки определенного типа. Уделено внимание Международной коалиции библиотечных консорциумов, представляющей собой особый тип консорциума – объединение объединений.

Cooperation at the national and international levels is a promising direction of libraries’ activity. One of the modern forms of such cooperation is library consortia that have been created around the world since the 1960s. The activities of such library associations have been successfully carried out in Russia for many years, but for the more complete understanding of the such organizations’ work character, it is necessary to examine the foreign experience of library consortia creating. Considering the activities of the largest national, regional and international library consortia since the 1960s, one can find out the transformation of such institutions from organizations performing strictly defined functions, such as automating routine library processes or facilitating access to information and exchange of it, into a significant tool for strengthening cooperation in the field of librarianship and bibliography. The article presents the most common definitions of the term «library consortium», defines the main goals and objectives of such organizations, and considers the activities of the largest library consortia of the following types: consortia that unite libraries according to the technological principle and consortia uniting libraries of a certain type. The author pays attention to the International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC), which is a special type of consortium – an association of associations.

библиотечные консорциумыбиблиотечнобиблиографическое сотрудничествомеждународное библиотечное делоOCLCЛига европейских исследовательских библиотекКонсорциум европейских научных библиотекМеждународная коалиция библиотечных консорциумовlibrary consortialibrary and bibliographic cooperationinternational librarianshipOCLCLigue des bibliothèques européennes de recherche (LIBER)Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL)International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC)ReferencesРубчинская О. В. Информационно-библиотечные консорциумы за рубежом: опыт функционирования // Современная наука и ее ресурсное обеспечение: инновационная парадигма : сб. ст. Междунар. науч.-практ. конф., Петрозаводск, 20 февр. 2020 г. Петрозаводск, 2020. С. 186–190Rubchinskaya OV (2020) Foreign library and information consortia: operation experience. Sovremennaya nauka i eyo resursnoe obespechenie: innovatsionnaya paradigma: sb. st. Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf., Petrozavodsk, 20 fevr. 2020 g. Petrozavodsk, pp. 186–190. (In Russ.).Шрайберг Я. Л., Линдеман Е. В. Сравнительный анализ деятельности и перспектив развития отечественных и зарубежных библиотечных консорциумов. Часть 1 // Научные и технические библиотеки. 2005а. № 7. С. 5–15Shrayberg YL and Lindeman YV (2005a) A comparison study of national and foreign library consortia’s activity and future development. Part 1. Nauchnye i tehnicheskie biblioteki 7: 5–15. (In Russ.).Шрайберг Я. Л., Линдеман Е. В. Сравнительный анализ деятельности и перспектив развития отечественных и зарубежных библиотечных консорциумов. Часть 2 // Научные и технические библиотеки. 2005б. № 8. С. 5–17Shrayberg YL and Lindeman YV (2005b) A comparison study of national and foreign library consortia’s activity and future development. Part 2. Nauchnye i tehnicheskie biblioteki 8: 5–17. (In Russ.).Anderson K and Gemmill L (2011) Step easily into the digital future: Lyrasis gets varied collections online quickly, and cheaply, through collaboration. American Libraries 42 (7/8): 36–39.Anderson K and Gemmill L (2011) Step easily into the digital future: Lyrasis gets varied collections online quickly, and cheaply, through collaboration. American Libraries 42 (7/8): 36–39.Chisita CT and Dick A (2018) Library cooperation in Zimbabwe: in search of a suitable model to underpin national development. Electronic Library 36 (4): 633– 649. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-04-2017-0072.Chisita CT and Dick A (2018) Library cooperation in Zimbabwe: in search of a suitable model to underpin national development. Electronic Library 36 (4): 633– 649. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-04-2017-0072.Feather C (2015) The International coalition of library consortia: origins, contributions and path forward. Insights 27 (3): 89–93. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.260.Feather C (2015) The International coalition of library consortia: origins, contributions and path forward. Insights 27 (3): 89–93. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1629/ uksg.260.Fox P (2007) LIBER – past, present and future. Alexandria 19 (3): 167–173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F095574900701900304.Fox P (2007) LIBER – past, present and future. Alexandria 19 (3): 167–173. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1177%2F095574900701900304.Hirshon A (2001) International library consortia: positive starts, promising futures. Journal of Library Administration 35 (1/2): 147–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J111v35n01_09.Hirshon A (2001) International library consortia: positive starts, promising futures. Journal of Library Administration 35 (1/2): 147–166. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1300/J111v35n01_09.Horton V and Provenitz G (2014) Library consortia: models for collaboration and sustainability. Chicago: Amer. Libr. Assoc.Horton V and Provenitz G (2014) Library consortia: models for collaboration and sustainability. Chicago: Amer. Libr. Assoc.Kadir MA (1994) Strengthening regional library cooperation: now and for the future. Sekitar Perpustakaan 18: 1–6.Kadir MA (1994) Strengthening regional library cooperation: now and for the future. Sekitar Perpustakaan 18: 1–6.Liu G and Fu P (2018) Shared next generation ILSs and academic library consortia: trends, opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Librarianship 3 (2): 53–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2018.vol3.2.94.Liu G and Fu P (2018) Shared next generation ILSs and academic library consortia: trends, opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Librarianship 3 (2): 53–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2018.vol3.2.94.Matheson A (2005) The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL): the European printed archive. Alexandria 17 (1): 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F095574900501700102.Matheson A (2005) The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL): the European printed archive. Alexandria 17 (1): 1–11. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1177%2F095574900501700102.Nesta F (2019) Consortia from past to future. Library Management 40 (1/2): 12–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-02-2018-0006.Nesta F (2019) Consortia from past to future. Library Management 40 (1/2): 12–22. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1108/LM-02-2018-0006.Reitz JM (2002) ODLIS: online dictionary of library and information science. URL: http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/ networks/data/dic/odlis/odlis.pdf (accessed 21.05.2021).Reitz JM (2002) ODLIS: online dictionary of library and information science. URL: http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/ networks/data/dic/odlis/odlis.pdf (accessed 21.05.2021).Pal JK (2016) Organizing models of library consortia: forming sustainable participation among potential partners in India. Annals of Library and Information Studies 63: 194–202.Pal JK (2016) Organizing models of library consortia: forming sustainable participation among potential partners in India. Annals of Library and Information Studies 63: 194–202.Pereira R and Franco M (2020) Librar y as a consortium perspective: a systematic literature review. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 52 (4): 1126–1136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0961000620904754.Pereira R and Franco M (2020) Librar y as a consortium perspective: a systematic literature review. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 52 (4): 1126–1136. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1177%2F0961000620904754.Samea L (2015) Academic library consortia in Arab countries: an investigating study of origins, development, and services. International Journal of Library and Information Science 7 (7): 130–147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLIS2014.0540.Samea L (2015) Academic library consortia in Arab countries: an investigating study of origins, development, and services. International Journal of Library and Information Science 7 (7): 130–147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLIS2014.0540.Smethurst M (1999) The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL). Alexandria 11 (3): 149–160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F095574909901100302.Smethurst M (1999) The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL). Alexandria 11 (3): 149–160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F095574909901100302.Tripathi A and Lal J (2016) Library consortia: practical guide for library managers. Cambridge: Chandos Publ.Tripathi A and Lal J (2016) Library consortia: practical guide for library managers. Cambridge: Chandos Publ.Umeozor SN (2019) Information networking and its application in the digital era with illustration from the University of Port Harcourt Library. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology 9 (2): 33–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5865/ IJKCT.2019.9.2.033.Umeozor SN (2019) Information networking and its application in the digital era with illustration from the University of Port Harcourt Library. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology 9 (2): 33–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5865/ IJKCT.2019.9.2.033.Van Born J and Sokolova N (2004) From library cooperation to consortia: comparing experiences in the European Union with the Russian Federation. LIBER Quarterly 14 (3/4): 440–452. DOI: http://doi.org/10.18352/lq.7794.Van Born J and Sokolova N (2004) From library cooperation to consortia: comparing experiences in the European Union with the Russian Federation. LIBER Quarterly 14 (3/4): 440–452. DOI: http://doi. org/10.18352/lq.7794.Wijasuriya DEK (1986) Document delivery in the AsiaPacific region: observations and recommendations. IFLA Journal 12: 328–333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F034003528601200424.Wijasuriya DEK (1986) Document delivery in the AsiaPacific region: observations and recommendations. IFLA Journal 12: 328–333. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1177%2F034003528601200424.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.