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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bibliosfera</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Библиосфера</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bibliosphere</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1815-3186</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7931</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГПНТБ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20913/1815-3186-2021-3-12-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bibliosfera-1778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИР БИБЛИОТЕК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LIBRARY WORLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Веб-архивирование как задача национальной и краеведческой библиографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Web Archiving as a Task of National and Local History Bibliography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5770-2757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балацкая</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balatskaya</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балацкая Надежда Михайловна - кандидат педагогических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела библиографии и краеведения.</p><p>Ул. Садовая, 18, Санкт-Петербург, 191069</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Balatskaya Nadezhda Mihaylovna - PhD, Senior Researcher of the Department of Bibliography and Local History.</p><p>Sadovaya str., 18, Saint-Petersburg, 191069</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kray@nlr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-2338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартиросова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martirosova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартиросова Маргарита Бедросовна - заведующий отделом.</p><p>Ул. Пушкинская, 175А, Ростов-на-Дону, 344006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Martirosova Margarita Bedrosovna - Head of the Department of Local Studies.</p><p>Pushkinskaya str., 175A, Rostov-on-Don, 344006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">donkray@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российская национальная библиотека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Library of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Донская государственная публичная библиотека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Don State Public Library<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балацкая Н.М., Мартиросова М.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балацкая Н.М., Мартиросова М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balatskaya N.M., Martirosova M.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bibliosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1778">https://www.bibliosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1778</self-uri><abstract><p>В связи с разработкой модели и методики электронных краеведческих архивов для российских библиотек проанализирован зарубежный опыт формирования национальных веб-архивов (в национальных библиотеках) и доступных краеведческих вебархивов публичных и университетских библиотек. Показано, что глобальная деятельность по сохранению сетевого контента разделена на национальные и региональные сегменты и является национальной и краеведческой по содержанию. Цели и вся структура ее полностью укладываются в классические формы и направления национальной/краеведческой библиографии, играющей ключевую роль в процессах отбора и библиографической обработки нового класса источников. Для отбора применяются все характерные для национальной/краеведческой библиографии критерии связи со страной/регионом/территорией: место производства ресурса, его национальный язык и содержание; сам отбор осуществляется специалистами библиотек. Выявлены причины, по которым подготовка архивируемого сетевого контента к использованию, независимо от возможностей автоматизированных технологий, требует привлечения специалистов-библиографов, применения классических инструментов и методов библиографического описания и индексирования содержания. Рассмотрен вопрос о выборе объектов для архивирования (сайтов, подкаталогов, отдельных документов). Показаны особое значение, преимущества и проблемы работы с отдельными документами. Обоснована необходимость построения таких стратегий веб-архивирования, в которых «отправными точками» являются отдельные документы, а сайты оцениваются и отбираются по продуктивности в качестве их «контейнеров». С учетом мировых тенденций и условий российских библиотек предложена модель веб-архивирования, внедрение которой, в отсутствие национального репозитория и современных инструментов веб-архивирования, позволит начать накопление необходимого опыта и перестать терять ценный сетевой контент.</p><p>Научная статья подготовлена на основании доклада, сделанного на III Международном библиографическом конгрессе, 27-30 апреля 2021 г.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The foreign experience of forming the majority of national web archives (in national libraries) and many accessible local history archives of public and university libraries has been analyzed due to the development of a model and methodology for electronic local history archives for Russian libraries.</p><p>It is shown that the global activity on preserving network content is divided into national and regional segments and is national and local history in both contents. Its goals and structure fully fit into the classical forms and directions of national/local history bibliography, which turns out to be the key in all processes of selection and bibliographic processing of a new class of sources. For selection, all the criteria of connection with the country/region/territory, the place of production of the resource, its national language and content, characteristic of the national/local history bibliography; the selection itself is carried out by library specialists. The analysis has revealed the reasons why the preparation of the archived online content for use, regardless of the capabilities of automated technologies, in practice also requires the involvement of specialist in bibliography, the use of classical tools and methods of bibliographic description and indexing of content. The issue of choosing objects for archiving (sites, subdirectories, individual documents) is specially considered. The special significance, advantages and problems of treating individual documents are shown. The necessity of forming such web archiving strategies is substantiated, in which “starting points” are separate documents, and sites are evaluated and selected for productivity as their “containers”. Taking into account the global trends and the conditions of Russian libraries, a model of web archiving is proposed, the implementation of which, in the absence of a national repository and modern tools, will allow the beginning of accumulating some necessary experience and valuable network content.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>веб-архивирование</kwd><kwd>национальная библиография</kwd><kwd>краеведческая библиография</kwd><kwd>библиотеки</kwd><kwd>сетевые источники</kwd><kwd>отбор документов</kwd><kwd>библиографическая обработка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>web archiving</kwd><kwd>national bibliography</kwd><kwd>local history bibliography</kwd><kwd>libraries</kwd><kwd>web sources</kwd><kwd>document selection</kwd><kwd>bibliographic processing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балацкая Н. М., Мартиросова М. Б. 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