bibliosferaБиблиосфераBibliosphere1815-31862712-7931ГПНТБ СО РАН10.20913/1815-3186-2026-2-9bibliosfera-2229Research ArticleДИСКУССИИDISCUSSIONSНаучная библиотека в информальном образовании исследователейScientific Library in Informal Education of Researchershttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3463-5779ШевченкоЛ. Б.ShevchenkoL. B.

Шевченко Людмила Борисовна, кандидат педагогических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела научных исследований открытой науки

ул. Восход, 15, Новосибирск, 630008

Shevchenko Lyudmila Borisovna, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Open Science Research Department 

15 Voskhod St., Novosibirsk, 630008

shevchenkol@spsl.nsc.ruГосударственная публичная научно-техническая библиотека Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияState Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20261807202602100110Copyright © Шевченко Л.Б., 20262026Шевченко Л.Б.Shevchenko L.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bibliosphere.ru/jour/article/view/2229

В статье рассматривается феномен информального образования как ключевого компонента непрерывного профессионального развития, особенно в контексте исследовательской деятельности. Цель работы состоит в определении сущности понятия «информальное образование исследователей» и выявлении роли библиотек в этом процессе. В результате терминологического анализа отечественной и зарубежной литературы была сформулирована следующая дефиниция: это целенаправленная и профессионально значимая познавательная деятельность, регулируемая самим ученым, ориентированная на получение новых знаний и навыков (особенно в условиях открытой науки), с использованием информационно-коммуникационных технологий, и характеризующаяся осознанностью, систематичностью и самостоятельностью. Особое внимание уделяется трансформирующейся роли научных библиотек в информальном образовании – в цифровую эпоху они становятся активными поставщиками контента и многофункциональными образовательными центрами. Библиотеки не только предоставляют доступ к ресурсам, но и предлагают различные сервисы: обучение информационной грамотности и управлению исследовательскими данными, поддержка публикационной активности, помощь в использовании цифровых инструментов. В качестве успешного практического примера приводится платформа «Библиотека для открытой науки» (ГПНТБ СО РАН), демонстрирующая, как комплексные онлайн-сервисы, руководства и обучающие материалы поддерживают информальное образование ученых. Делается вывод о том, что интеграция библиотек в информальное образование – необходимое условие для повышения эффективности научных исследований.

This article examines the phenomenon of informal education as a key component of continuous professional development, particularly in the context of research. The aim of the study is to define the concept of “informal education of researchers” and identify the role of libraries in this process. A terminological analysis of domestic and international literature has resulted in the following definition: this is a purposeful and professionally significant cognitive activity, regulated by a researcher him(her)self, aimed at acquiring new knowledge and skills (especially in the context of open science), using information and communication technologies in a digital environment, and characterized by awareness, consistency, and independence. Particular attention is given to the transforming role of scientific libraries in this process – in the digital age, they are becoming active content providers and multifunctional educational centers. Libraries not only provide access to resources but also offer various services, including training in information literacy and research data management, support for publication activities, and assistance in using digital tools. The “Library for Open Science” platform (State Public Scientific and Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) is cited as a successful practical example, demonstrating how comprehensive online services, guides, and training materials support the informal education of scientists. It is concluded that integrating libraries into informal education is a necessary condition for improving the effectiveness of scientific research.

информальное образованиесамообразованиенепрерывное образованиенаучная библиотекаоткрытая наукаинформационная грамотностьinformal educationself-educationcontinuous educationscientific libraryopen scienceinformation literacyИсследование выполнено в рамках реализации научного проекта ГПНТБ СО РАН (2022–2026 гг.) «Разработка модели функционирования научной библиотеки в информационной экосистеме открытой науки» No 122041100150-3ReferencesВороткова И. Ю., Усачева А. В. Диагностика профессиональных дефицитов современных педагогов на основании результатов профессиональной деятельности // Педагогическое образование в России. 2022. № 2. С. 105–112.Vorotkova IYu and Usacheva AV (2022) Diagnostics of professional deficiencies of modern teachers based on the results of professional activity. Pedagogicheskoe obrazovanie v Rossii 2: 105–112. (In Russ.).Гвильдис Т. Ю., Окерешко А. В. Рефлексивная модель стимулирования аспирантов к информальному образованию // Педагогика. Вопросы теории и практики. 2020. Т. 5, вып. 1. С. 89–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30853/pedagogy.2020.1.17Gvil’dis TYu and Okereshko AV (2020) Reflexive model to motivate postgraduate students for informal education. Pedagogika. Voprosy teorii i praktiki 5 (1): 89–98. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30853/pedagogy.2020.1.17Десненко С. И., Пахомова Т. Е. Формирование цифровой грамотности будущих педагогов в условиях цифровой образовательной среды педагогического колледжа // Ученые записки Забайкальского государственного университета. 2024. № 3. С. 90–101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2024-19-3-90-101Desnenko SI and Pakhomova TE (2024) Formation of future teachers’ digital literacy in the digital educational environment of a pedagogical college. Uchenye zapiski Zabaikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 3: 90–101. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2024-19-3-90-101Донской А. Г. Проектирование научной работы как инструмент информального повышения квалификации педагогов // Научное обеспечение системы повышения квалификации кадров. 2020. № 2. С. 52–63.Донской А. Г. Проектирование научной работы как инструмент информального повышения квалификации педагогов // Научное обеспечение системы повышения квалификации кадров. 2020. № 2. С. 52–63 [Donskoi AG (2020) Designing scientific work as a tool for informal advanced training of teachers. Nauchnoe obespechenie sistemy povysheniya kvalifikatsii kadrov 2: 52–63. (In Russ.).Золотухин С. А. Интернетсредства развития информального обучения // Сибирский педагогический журнал. 2015. № 3. С. 48–50.Zolotukhin SA (2015) Internet tools for developing informal learning. Sibirskii pedagogicheskii zhurnal 3: 48–50. (In Russ.).Золотухин С. А. Концепция массовых онлайн открытых курсов в контексте информального обучения. Ульяновск, 2016. 109 с. [Zolotukhin SA (2016) The concept of massive online open courses in the context of informal learning. Ulyanovsk. (In Russ.).Zolotukhin SA (2016) The concept of massive online open courses in the context of informal learning. Ulyanovsk. (In Russ.).Индикаторы образования: 2022 : стат. сб. / Нац. исслед. ун-т «Высшая шк. экономики». Москва : НИУ ВШЭ, 2022. 532 с.(2022) Education indicators: 2022: statist. coll. Moscow: NIU VShE. (In Russ.).Калашникова В. Ю. Информальная образовательная среда // Молодой ученый. 2019. № 26. С. 299-301.Kalashnikova VYu (2019) Informal educational environment. Molodoi uchenyi 26: 299–301. (In Russ.).Лискина Т. В., Паульзен Н. С. Современные подходы к определению понятия «информальное образование» // Известия Байкальского государственного университета. 2018. № 1. С. 131-137.Liskina TV and Paulsen NS (2018) Modern approaches to the definition of “informal education”. Izvestiya Baikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 1: 131–137. (In Russ.).Лызь Н. А., Лызь А. Е. Феномен самообразования: обзор мировых исследовательских контекстов // Образование и саморазвитие . 2023. Т. 18, № 4. С. 121–140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.18.4.10Lyz NA and Lyz AE (2023) The phenomenon of self-education: review of world research contexts. Obrazovanie i samorazvitie 18 (4): 121–140. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.18.4.10Ляшевская Н. В. Информальное образование: подходы к определению понятия // Известия Волгоградского государственного педагогического университета. 2019. № 7. С. 10–14.Lyashevskaya NV (2019) Informal education: approaches to defining the concept. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta 7: 10–14. (In Russ.).Ляшевская Н. В. Ресурсное обеспечение информального образования молодых педагогов : дис. ... канд. пед. наук. Омск, 2023. 289 с.Lyashevskaya NV (2023) Resource provision of informal education of young teachers: Cand. ped. sci. diss. Omsk. (In Russ.).Окерешко А. В. Актуальность информального образо вания как условия личностнопрофессионального развития учителя // Вестник Новгородского государственного университета. 2015. № 88. С. 78‒81.Okereshko AV (2015) Relevance of informal education as a condition for the personal and professional development of a teacher. Vestnik Novgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 88: 78–81. (In Russ.).Поляков М. П. Большие и малые проблемы подготовки начинающего исследователя // Юридическая наука и практика: Вестник Нижегородской академии МВД России. 2015. № 3. С. 189–194.Polyakov MP (2015) Big and small problems in training a novice researcher. Yuridicheskaya nauka i praktika: Vestnik Nizhegorodskoy akademii MVD Rossii 3: 189–194. (In Russ.).Саргсян А. С. Принципы и особенности развития эвтагогики как области педагогической науки // Человек и образование. 2014. № 3. С. 111‒116.Sargsyan AS (2014) Principles and features of the development of heutagogy as a field of pedagogical science. Chelovek i obrazovanie 3: 111–116. (In Russ.).Семенова Т. А. Технология сопровождения информального самообразования взрослого населения России: на примере формирования навыка активного чтения : учеб. пособие. Москва, 2014. 99 с.Semenova TA (2014) Technology of supporting informal self-education of the adult population of Russia: on the example of developing the skill of active reading: study guide. Moscow. (In Russ.).Солтовец Е. М. Феномен информального образования в работах британских исследователей (на материалах международной базы данных ProQuest) // 18. Мир науки : науч. интернет-журн. 2017. Т. 5, № 5. URL: https://mir-nauki.com/PDF/43PDMN517.pdf (дата обращения = accessed 14.01.2026).Soltovets EM (2017) Informal learning as presented in the works of British scholars (based on materials from the ProQuest international database). Mir nauki: nauch. internetzhurn. 5 (5). (In Russ.). URL: https:// mir-nauki.com/PDF/43PDMN517.pdf (дата обращения = accessed 14.01.2026).Ударцева О. М. Информационный сервис «Простая альтметрика» для обеспечения поддержки исследователей // Управление наукой: теория и практика. 2025. Т. 7, № 4. С. 87–99 . DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2025.7.4.4Udartseva OM (2025) Information service “Simple altmetrics” to provide support to researchers. Upravlenie naukoi: teoriya i praktika 7 (4): 87–99. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2025.7.4.4Эрштейн Л. Б. Использование учителясупервайзера как средство оптимизации информального образования // Вестник Омского государственного педагогического университета. Гуманитарные исследования. 2025. № 1. С. 209–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2025-46-209-215Ershtein LB (2025) Using a teachersupervisor as a means of optimizing informal education. Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Gumanitarnye issledovaniya 1: 209–215. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2025-46-209-215Abhinandan M (2026) Role of academic libraries in lifelong learning beyond formal education Shodh Manjusha: An International Multidisciplinary Journal 3 (1): 160170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.70388/sm250197Abhinandan M (2026) Role of academic libraries in lifelong learning beyond formal education Shodh Manjusha: An International Multidisciplinary Journal 3 (1): 160170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.70388/sm250197Agoi MA, Sain ZH, Oshinowo OR and Agoi OO (2025) A survey on the importance and impact of the internet on life-long education: implication for educational development. ACITYA WISESA: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 4 (3): 28–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56943/jmr.v4i3.580Agoi MA, Sain ZH, Oshinowo OR and Agoi OO (2025) A survey on the importance and impact of the internet on life-long education: implication for educational development. ACITYA WISESA: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 4 (3): 28–42. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.56943/jmr.v4i3.580Bangun CS, Purnama S and Panjaitan AS (2022) Analysis of new business opportunities from online informal education mediamorphosis through digital platforms. International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE) 1 (1): 42–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34306/itee.v1i1.184Bangun CS, Purnama S and Panjaitan AS (2022) Analysis of new business opportunities from online informal education mediamorphosis through digital platforms. International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE) 1 (1): 42–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34306/itee.v1i1.184Bent M, GannonLeary P and Webb J (2007) Information literacy in a researcher’s learning life: the seven ages of research. New Review of Information Networking 13 (2): 81–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13614570801899983Bent M, GannonLeary P and Webb J (2007) Information literacy in a researcher’s learning life: the seven ages of research. New Review of Information Networking 13 (2): 81–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13614570801899983Blaschke LM and Hase S (2019) Heutagogy and digital media networks: setting students on the path to lifelong learning. Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 1 (1): 1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v1i1.1Blaschke LM and Hase S (2019) Heutagogy and digital media networks: setting students on the path to lifelong learning. Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 1 (1): 1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v1i1.1Coombs PH (1968) The world educational crisis: a systems analysis. New York [et al.: Oxford Univ. Press.Coombs PH (1968) The world educational crisis: a systems analysis. New York [et al.: Oxford Univ. Press.Coombs PH and Ahmed M (1974) Attacking rural poverty: how nonformal education can help. Baltimore, London: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.Coombs PH and Ahmed M (1974) Attacking rural poverty: how nonformal education can help. Baltimore, London: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.Cui X, Liao J and Ahn AC (2025) Scientometric review of informal learning spaces in university libraries: a bibliometric approach to design and trends. Sustainability 17 (6): 2480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062480Cui X, Liao J and Ahn AC (2025) Scientometric review of informal learning spaces in university libraries: a bibliometric approach to design and trends. Sustainability 17 (6): 2480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062480Decius J, Knappstein M, Schaper N and Seifert A (2021) Investigating the multidimensionality of informal learning: validation of a short measure for whitecollar workers. Human Resource Development Quarterly 34 (1): 45–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21461Decius J, Knappstein M, Schaper N and Seifert A (2021) Investigating the multidimensionality of informal learning: validation of a short measure for whitecollar workers. Human Resource Development Quarterly 34 (1): 45–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21461Hartsell-Gundy A, Lawton K and Rozear H (2020) 17 librarians and one big undertaking: creating a digital project from start to finish. Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 32 (1): 19–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1941126X.2019.1709730HartsellGundy A, Lawton K and Rozear H (2020) 17 librarians and one big undertaking: creating a digital project from start to finish. Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 32 (1): 19–28. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1080/1941126X.2019.1709730He T, Huang Q, Yu X and Li S (2021) Exploring students’ digital informal learning: the roles of digital competence and DTPB factors. Behaviour and Information Technology 40 (13): 1406–1416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2020.1752800He T, Huang Q, Yu X and Li S (2021) Exploring students’ digital informal learning: the roles of digital competence and DTPB factors. Behaviour and Information Technology 40 (13): 1406–1416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2020.1752800Ispiryan M (2025) Status and peculiarities of the development of non-formal and informal education in the Republic of Armenia. Journal for Armenian Studies 3 (70): 155–165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v3i70.196Ispiryan M (2025) Status and peculiarities of the development of non-formal and informal education in the Republic of Armenia. Journal for Armenian Studies 3 (70): 155–165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v3i70.196Jeong S, Han SJ, Lee J, Sunalai S and Yoon SW (2018) Integrative literature review on informal learning: antecedents, conceptualizations, and future directions. Human Resource Development Review 17 (2): 128–152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484318772242Jeong S, Han SJ, Lee J, Sunalai S and Yoon SW (2018) Integrative literature review on informal learning: antecedents, conceptualizations, and future directions. Human Resource Development Review 17 (2): 128–152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484318772242Jiang Y, Lu C and Hu B (2026) A review of digital technology in informal education and its role in educational equity. Social Inclusion 14: 10894. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/si.10894Jiang Y, Lu C and Hu B (2026) A review of digital technology in informal education and its role in educational equity. Social Inclusion 14: 10894. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/si.10894Kanwar A, Balasubramanian K and Carr A (2019) Changing the TVET paradigm: new models for lifelong learning. International Journal of Training Research 17 (S1): 54–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2019.1629722Kanwar A, Balasubramanian K and Carr A (2019) Changing the TVET paradigm: new models for lifelong learning. International Journal of Training Research 17 (S1): 54–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2019.1629722Lohman MC (2005) A survey of factors influencing the engagement of two professional groups in informal workplace learning activities. Human Resource Development Quarterly 16 (4): 501–527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.1153Lohman MC (2005) A survey of factors influencing the engagement of two professional groups in informal workplace learning activities. Human Resource Development Quarterly 16 (4): 501–527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.1153Lotfy MW, Kamel S, Hassan DK and Ezzeldin M (2022) Academic libraries as informal learning spaces in architectural educational environment. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 13 (6): 101781. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2022.101781Lotfy MW, Kamel S, Hassan DK and Ezzeldin M (2022) Academic libraries as informal learning spaces in architectural educational environment. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 13 (6): 101781. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2022.101781Mafar F, Najikh AH and Hermawan D (2021) Open learning resource as scientific communication: a selected webliography. Proceeding of Saizu International Conference on Transdisciplinary Religious Studies. Purwokerto, pp. 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24090/icontrees.2021.2Mafar F, Najikh AH and Hermawan D (2021) Open learning resource as scientific communication: a selected webliography. Proceeding of Saizu International Conference on Transdisciplinary Religious Studies. Purwokerto, pp. 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24090/icontrees.2021.2McDaniel S (2014) Every space is a learning space: encouraging informal learning and collaboration in higher education environments. BWBR: website. URL: https://www.bwbr.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/EverySpaceIsA-LearningSpace_WP.pdf (accessed 01.12.2025).McDaniel S (2014) Every space is a learning space: encouraging informal learning and collaboration in higher education environments. BWBR: website. URL: https://www.bwbr.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/EverySpaceIsA-LearningSpace_WP.pdf (accessed 01.12.2025).Mešić A, KolenovićĐapo J and Hajdarpašić L (2025) Stavovi studenata informacijskih nauka prema otvorenoj nauci = Information science students’ attitudes toward open science. Bosniaca 30: 49–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37083/bosn.2025.30.49Mešić A, KolenovićĐapo J and Hajdarpašić L (2025) Stavovi studenata informacijskih nauka prema otvorenoj nauci = Information science students’ attitudes toward open science. Bosniaca 30: 49–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37083/bosn.2025.30.49Moore AL and Klein JD (2020) Facilitating informal learning at work. TechTrends 64 (2): 219–228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-019-00458-3Moore AL and Klein JD (2020) Facilitating informal learning at work. TechTrends 64 (2): 219–228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-019-00458-3Nadrljanski Đ, Nadrljanski M and Pavlinović M (2022) Digitalization of education. Handbook on intelligent techniques in the educational process. Springer, vol. 1, pp. 17–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04662-9_2/Nadrljanski Đ, Nadrljanski M and Pavlinović M (2022) Digitalization of education. Handbook on intelligent techniques in the educational process. Springer, vol. 1, pp. 17–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04662-9_2/Nature Research (2024). Research Integrity Training Needs and provisions in institutions in Japan: dataset. Figshare: repository . DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25880314.v3.Nature Research (2024). Research Integrity Training Needs and provisions in institutions in Japan: dataset. Figshare: repository . DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25880314.v3.Noe RA, Tews MJ and Marand AD (2013) Individual differences and informal learning in the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior 83 (3): 327–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.009Noe RA, Tews MJ and Marand AD (2013) Individual differences and informal learning in the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior 83 (3): 327–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.009Noe RA, Tews MJ and McConnell-Dachner A (2010) Learner engagement: a new perspective for enhancing our understanding of learner motivation and workplace learning. Academy of Management Annals 4 (1): 279–315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2010.493286Noe RA, Tews MJ and McConnellDachner A (2010) Learner engagement: a new perspective for enhancing our understanding of learner motivation and workplace learning. Academy of Management Annals 4 (1): 279–315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1941652.2010.493286Ogunmuditi M (2025) The future of education: a transition from formal to informal learning patterns in a digital age. IJRISS 9 (11): 6435–6458. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100508Ogunmuditi M (2025) The future of education: a transition from formal to informal learning patterns in a digital age. IJRISS 9 (11): 6435–6458. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100508Patil AA (2019) Changing role of librarians from custodians to research facilitators. International Journal of Advance and Applied Research (IJAAR) 7 (2): 228–239.Patil AA (2019) Changing role of librarians from custodians to research facilitators. International Journal of Advance and Applied Research (IJAAR) 7 (2): 228–239.Pelletier K [et al. (2023) 2023 EDUCAUSE Horizon Report: teaching and learning edition. Boulder: EDUCAUSE.Pelletier K [et al. (2023) 2023 EDUCAUSE Horizon Report: teaching and learning edition. Boulder: EDUCAUSE.Rugoye JM and Charles EA (2025) Innovation in library and information services in the digital era: a systematic review: paper presented at the 7th COTUL sci. conf. held from 15th to 19th Dec. 2025 at Royal Tughimbe Hotel in Mbeya Region. Moshi Co-operative University: institutional repository . URL: http://41.59.211.104:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2075/Innovation%20in%20Library%20and%20Information%20Services%20in%20the%20Digital%20Era.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y(accessed10.02.2026).Rugoye JM and Charles EA (2025) Innovation in library and information services in the digital era: a systematic review: paper presented at the 7th COTUL sci. conf. held from 15th to 19th Dec. 2025 at Royal Tughimbe Hotel in Mbeya Region. Moshi Co-operative University: institutional repository . URL: http://41.59.211.104:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2075/Innovation%20in%20Library%20and%20Information%20Services%20in%20the%20Digital%20Era.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y(accessed10.02.2026).Saarti J, Rosti T and Silvennoinen-Kuikka H (2020) Implementing Open Science policies into library processes case study of the University of Eastern Finland library. LIBER Quarterly 30 (1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10336Saarti J, Rosti T and SilvennoinenKuikka H (2020) Implementing Open Science policies into library processes case study of the University of Eastern Finland library. LIBER Quarterly 30 (1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10336Shevchenko L (ed.) (2026) List of definitions “informal education”: dataset. Zenodo: repository . DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18666251Shevchenko L (ed.) (2026) List of definitions “informal education”: dataset. Zenodo: repository . DOI: https:// doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18666251Shevchenko LB (2024) Training in the use of tools to support open scientific research. Scientific and Technical Information Processing 51 (4): 315–322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147688224700692Shevchenko LB (2024) Training in the use of tools to support open scientific research. Scientific and Technical Information Processing 51 (4): 315–322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147688224700692Si L, Zeng Y, Guo S and Zhuang X (2019) Investigation and analysis of research support services in academic libraries. The Electronic Library 37 (2): 281–301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-06-2018-0125Si L, Zeng Y, Guo S and Zhuang X (2019) Investigation and analysis of research support services in academic libraries. The Electronic Library 37 (2): 281–301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-06-2018-0125Tawfik AA, Gatewood J, Armstrong L and Shepherd CE (2023) Informal learning in United States libraries: a systematic review. TechTrends 67 (3): 550–560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-022-00811-zTawfik AA, Gatewood J, Armstrong L and Shepherd CE (2023) Informal learning in United States libraries: a systematic review. TechTrends 67 (3): 550–560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-022-00811-zXu M-h (2010) User information literacy education based on the library website. 2010 International conference on internet technology and applications, Wuhan, China. IEEE, pp. 1–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAPP.2010.5566161Xu M-h (2010) User information literacy education based on the library website. 2010 International conference on internet technology and applications, Wuhan, China. IEEE, pp. 1–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAPP.2010.5566161Zakir S, Hoque ME, Susanto P, Nisaa V, Alam MK, Khatimah H and Mulyani E (2025) Digital literacy and academic performance: the mediating roles of digital informal learning, self-efficacy, and students’ digital competence. Frontiers in Education 10: 1590274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1590274Zakir S, Hoque ME, Susanto P, Nisaa V, Alam MK, Khatimah H and Mulyani E (2025) Digital literacy and academic performance: the mediating roles of digital informal learning, self-efficacy, and students’ digital competence. Frontiers in Education 10: 1590274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1590274

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.