The article proposes a new method for studying academic mobility, which, based on the author's publications, builds a history of his affiliation changing places, cities and countries of residence. This method was applied for studying academic mobility for publications of Russian researchers indexed in the Scopus database in 2000–2019. The results demonstrate that the depressive process of brain drain in Russia in 2015 was transformed into a process of brain circulation, when the number of immigrants in science became comparable to that of emigrants. In 2007–2011, most of the scientists left for the USA, Germany and other European countries. In 2015–2016, the number of scientists, who came to Russia from the CIS countries, approximately doubled, which compensated for the outflow in other areas. The intra-Russian migration of researchers is 76% related to Moscow, where more researchers come than leave the regions. In addition to the capital, St. Petersburg stands out, where there is a steady influx of researchers from other regions, which compensates for those leaving for the capital, and the Novosibirsk Region, which is the center of migration processes in the Ural and Siberian federal districts and the largest donor for other regions. At the same time, in all three regions, the outflow of researchers abroad in 2012–2016 significantly exceeded the inflow from other regions. In the rest of the Russian Federation, academic mobility in the indicated years was markedly less pronounced. 

The paper analyzes the citations mood of the F. Pettit book published in 1997, which still creates many discussions. Active citation of the work (according to Scopus – 1939 citations, Google Scholar – 4682 citations (July 2020)) allows us studying its influence on modern ideas about political freedom among foreign authors. The selection of publications citing the P. Pettit work, indexed in the Scopus database, has become the subject of close study from the position of document citation as a measure of scientific significance. The purpose of the study is to identify publications that both criticize the concept of Non-Domination and support it, using different approaches to the selection of documents. Cluster analysis and content analysis were used for citation publications research. As a result, only a small percentage of works were identified which question the concept of freedom or, on the contrary, confirms the position of the authors. Most of the works studied express a neutral attitude to the concept. The network of citations visualized by the VOSviewer program (taking into “bibliographic coupling”) made it possible to identify the groups of philosophers who had their own pronounced attitude to the concept of political freedom. 

BACKGROUND. The increasing availability of digital data on scholarly inputs and outputs – from research funding, productivity, and collaboration to paper citations and scientist mobility – offers unprecedented opportunities to explore the structure and evolution of science. The science of science (SciSci) offers a quantitative understanding of the interactions among scientific agents across diverse geographic and temporal scales: It provides insights into the conditions underlying creativity and the genesis of scientific discovery, with the ultimate goal of developing tools and policies that have the potential to accelerate science. In the past decade, SciSci has benefited from an influx of natural, computational, and social scientists who together have developed big data–based capabilities for empirical analysis and generative modeling that capture the unfolding of science, its institutions, and its workforce. The value proposition of SciSci is that with a deeper understanding of the factors that drive successful science, we can more effectively address environmental, societal, and technological problems.

ADVANCES. Science can be described as a complex, self-organizing, and evolving network of scholars, projects, papers, and ideas. This representation has unveiled patterns characterizing the emergence of new scientific fields through the study of collaboration networks and the path of impactful discoveries through the study of citation networks. Microscopic models have traced the dynamics of citation accumulation, allowing us to predict the future impact of individual papers. SciSci has revealed choices and trade-offs that scientists face as they advance both their own careers and the scientific horizon. For example, measurements indicate that scholars are risk-averse, preferring to study topics related to their current expertise, which constrains the potential of future discoveries. Those willing to break this pattern engage in riskier careers but become more likely to make major breakthroughs. Overall, the highest-impact science is grounded in conventional combinations of prior work but features unusual combinations. Last, as the locus of research is shifting into teams, SciSci is increasingly focused on the impact of team research, finding that small teams tend to disrupt science and technology with new ideas drawing on older and less prevalent ones. In contrast, large teams tend to develop recent, popular ideas, obtaining high, but often short-lived, impact.

OUTLOOK. SciSci offers a deep quantitative understanding of the relational structure between scientists, institutions, and ideas because it facilitates the identification of fundamental mechanisms responsible for scientific discovery. These interdisciplinary data-driven efforts complement contributions from related fields such as scientometrics and the economics and sociology of science. Although SciSci seeks long-standing universal laws and mechanisms that apply across various fields of science, a fundamental challenge going forward is accounting for undeniable differences in culture, habits, and preferences between different fields and countries. This variation makes some cross-domain insights difficult to appreciate and associated science policies difficult to implement. The differences among the questions, data, and skills specific to each discipline suggest that further insights can be gained from domain-specific SciSci studies, which model and identify opportunities adapted to the needs of individual research fields.

Abstract. Identifying fundamental drivers of science and developing predictive models to capture its evolution are instrumental for the design of policies that can improve the scientific enterprise – for example, through enhanced career paths for scientists, better performance evaluation for organizations hosting research, discovery of novel effective funding vehicles, and even identification of promising regions along the scientific frontier. The science of science uses large-scale data on the production of science to search for universal and domainspecific patterns. Here, we review recent developments in this transdisciplinary field.

Modern media2 transformations are accompanied by changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of social interaction. Traditional and new ways of fixing and transmitting ideas, their materialization through various communication channels are at the heart of these changes. This shapes the need for actualization of research, development of new approaches, clarification of the object and the subject of medialogical disciplines, including book studies.

In this study, the main problems of modern Russian bibliology have been identified: limited potential of morally outdated approaches (structural-typological, functional, documentgraphics), a breakaway from the dynamically changing international social and humanitarian agenda and non-participation in international bibliological forums, the functioning of a closed system of scholarly communication. Among other problems are: methodological cliché, limited use of sociological methods, slow digitalization of book studies.

The contemporary understanding of the production and dissemination of symbolic forms as an unstructured and non-hierarchical system requires fundamentally new research approaches, the extension of methodological tools, crossdisciplinary study of the theory and history of books.

The purpose of the article is to form the concept of “a new book science” with the object which should be considered as a system with emphasis on feedback “author – writing – text – reading – reader”.

A system of projects focused on practical implementation of this concept is proposed: medialogical approach development; interdisciplinary research of the history of the reader and reading in Russia; the formation of an independent scientific field – the sociology of book – and the design of the eponymous educational discipline; preparation of a modern textbook on book science for higher education. 

The paper describes qualitative methods of modern library collections (produced after the year 1800) survey in The National Library of the Czech Republic in Prague. Each book is primarily composed of paper sheets and bookbinding. In modern library collections bookbinding usually contains parts composed of synthetic materials. Different types of materials have different mechanisms of degradation. Therefore, the main objectives of this work are nondestructive identification of synthetic materials in bookbinding, their degradation processes, and methods of conservation, conditions of storage, and preventive care as well. Based on the preliminary results of the collection survey in the National Library of the Czech Republic, the most usual types of synthetic materials in bookbinding are cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, and polyvinyl chloride, both of solid and plasticized type. For faster survey of the collections and deeper information is used new instruments for modern library collection survey and preservation – SurveNIR measuring system. SurveNIR measuring system is used for determination of paper properties and identification of plastic materials using chemometric and comparison with material standards. It can identify more than 45 different types of plastics. It is a nondestructive method, very fast, and it is possible to obtain results in a few seconds of measuring. The SurveNIR system was developed in the European project. 

One of the personnel management tasks, including libraries, is the formation of a climate in the work collective. The purpose of the article is to study the state of the socio-psychological climate of the library staff as a factor impacting the efficiency of its activities and to develop recommendations for its evolution. To study the staff of the academic library of Novosibirsk State Technological University (NSTU), the Nemov method for socio-psychological self-assessment of the team, as well as continuous questioning of employees, was used. Based on the results of diagnostics of the socio-psychological climate of the staff of the NSTU academic library, it is shown that the implementation of mentoring practice can contribute to the elimination of the identified shortcomings and to the formation of a more stable socio-psychological climate in the team. In order to reduce the risks of potential conflicts in the team, it is proposed to organize training for the employees of the NSTU scientific library. The results and conclusions obtained can be used in the practical activities of not only the NSTU academic library, but also in any other library with any number of persons in a team. 

The objectives of the research are as follows: 1. To substantiate the content of the transdisciplinary concept “Bibliologos” and to demonstrate its use in library and book science. 2. To develop the historical periodization of the origin, formation and development of Bibliologos on the background of anthropological and intellectual revolutions from the paleolithic to the noosphere. 3. To outline the prospects for revolutionary transformations of humanity in the foreseeable future. The article proposes the typology of anthropological revolutions of the ancient world from the formation of the verbal language and writing to the emergence of Bibliologos during the axial time of world history. Intellectual revolutions of the mature bibliologos in the modern period are typologized. Two directions of intellectual transformations of Bibliologos of the New Age are considered: a cultural-humanistic one – the development of the humanistic content of book culture from the Renaissance to the crisis of humanism in the 20th century; a technological one – the development of the technical means of Bibliologos as a productive force in the form of four industrial revolutions and digital culture. Noosphere is presented as the environment of the human of the future conditioned by space evolution, formed by the post-industrial civilization and humanistic culture. The necessity of a humanistic revolution to overcome the anthropological crisis threatening the future of mankind has been substantiated. The creative function of Bibliologos in the formation of the noosphere is shown.

As a result of the study, the author came to the following conclusions: 1) Bibliologos is defined as the collective intellect of a civilized society in the form of a productive force that ensures creation, preservation, and use of book culture. The subjects of Bibliologos are the professionals in the book and library services and science (practitioners, administrators, scientists, teachers), government and commercial figures, bibliophiles, printing engineers, and active readers. 2) Revolutionary creativity is divided into two classes: anthropological revolutions – active subjects abandon the old way of life, and a new type of person is formed; intellectual revolutions – a civilized society is going through a spiritual crisis and is being transformed into a cultural society of a new type. To overcome the anthropological crisis that threatens the future of mankind, a humanistic revolution is needed, aimed at creating the noosphere. 3) In the space of the noosphere, the mission of the bibliosphere is not limited to serving as a service subsystem in the structures of the institutions of education, science, culture, ideology, art, although it is, of course, necessary to satisfy current demands. The main pedagogical mission of the Bibliologos is to use his intellectual potential for the humanistic revolution in Russia and the education of the noospheric man – a man of a new anthropological type.